[2] The movement was formed in April 1932 by General Diaz Valderrama, Carlos Keller (the main ideologue of the group) and Jorge González von Marées, who became leader.

[4] It then merged in 1938 with the Unión Socialista (Socialist Union) to create the Alianza Popular Libertadora (APL)[5] which supported General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo's candidacy for the 1938 presidential election.

However, fascist elements attempted a coup in September 1938, which was ruthlessly put down at the Seguro Obrero massacre, and led Ibáñez to oppose the National Socialists' choice of Gustavo Ross, leading to indirect support of the Radical Party's candidate, Pedro Aguirre Cerda, who narrowly won the election.

[6] In 1939, some members of the APL created an offshoot, the fascist Vanguardia Popular Socialista, which failed to have any impact, and it was disbanded in 1941 whilst González von Marées was interned.

Publishing a weekly paper, Estanquero, between 1949 and 1954, he served as a cabinet minister in Carlos Ibáñez del Campo's government and attempted to run for President of Chile in 1964.