The Nativity of the Virgin is a painting by the Italian Baroque painter Francesco Albani and housed in the Sala VII di Santa Petronilla in the Capitoline Museum in Rome, Italy.

The Bolognese art historian Carlo Cesare Malvasia attributes a Nativity of the Virgin to Albani.

It was originally painted for the Oratory of Santa Maria del Piombo in Bologna, and is documented there at least until 1598.

Albani's contemporary Guido Reni also contributed works for the oratory.

While the Dogma of the Immaculate Conception would not be explicitly stated until 1854, even from late antiquity, Christian theologians such as Ambrose and Augustine, had invoked the exceptional birth of Mary, wherein she alone among women had been born free of original sin.