Chapai Nawabganj Sadar Upazila is bounded by Shibganj, Chapai Nawabganj and Nachole Upazilas on the north, Tanore and Godagari Upazilas, in Rajshahi District, on the east, Samserganj, Suti I, Suti II, Raghunathganj II and Lalgola CD Blocks, in Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India, all across the Ganges/ Padma, on the south, and Shibganj Upazila, Chapai Nawabganj on the west.

[5][6] According to the 2011 Census of Bangladesh, Chapai Nawabganj Sadar Upazila had 112,748 households and a population of 530,592.

Chapai Nawabganj Sadar had a literacy rate (age 7 and over) of 46.30%, compared to the national average of 51.8%, and a sex ratio of 1084 females per 1000 males.

[10] Chapai Nawabganj Sadar Upazila is divided into Nawabganj Municipality and 14 union parishads: Alatuli, Baliadanga, Baroghoria, Charaunupnagar, Charbagdanga, Debinagar, Gobratola, Islampur, Jhilim, Moharajpur, Narayanpur, Ranihati, Shahjahanpur, and Sundarpur.

[8] Nawabganj Town (Municipality) is subdivided into 15 wards and 82 mahallas.