Previously the department operated juvenile correctional facilities, including the Youth Rehabilitation & Treatment Center–Kearney (YRTC-K) in Kearney, a juvenile correctional facility for boys,[3] and the Youth Rehabilitation & Treatment Center–Geneva (YRTC-G) in unincorporated Fillmore County, near Geneva, for girls.

From 1913 it had been by the electric chair until August 14, 2018, when Carey Dean Moore was executed by a lethal injection of fentanyl.

Death row in Nebraska was housed at NSP from 1903 to 2002 when it was transferred to the Tecumseh State Correctional Institution.

While on the death watch, condemned inmates may have special visits from family, friends, religious representatives and attorneys.

The visits are supervised by staff assigned to the death watch and take place in the suite of rooms set aside for the condemned inmates.