Noël Martin Joseph Necker (25 December 1730 – 30 December 1793) was a German physician and botanist.

Necker was the personal physician to the court of the Electoral Palatinate in Mannheim.

His botanical was work involved the study of mosses (Bryophyta) on which he wrote several works, and fungi on which he wrote the Traité sur la mycitologie.

He is also known for describing the orchid genus Dactylorhiza.

The moss genus Neckera, and its family, the Neckeraceae were named in his honour.