Neolamprologus brichardi is a species of cichlid endemic to the alkaline waters of Lake Tanganyika in East Africa.

[6][7][8] It is closely related to N. pulcher from the southern half of Lake Tanganyika (N. brichardi is more widespread) and some have recommended merging the two into a single species.

It is not unheard of to find a school numbering near 100,000 individuals within a 50 metres (160 ft) square area.

N. brichardi specializes in feeding from the rocky biocover, picking at small crustaceans and invertebrates.

The specific name honours Pierre Brichard (1921-1990), an aquarium fish exporter based near Lake Tanganyika.