[1] This evergreen plant can reach as high as 40–90 centimetres (16–35 in), and in extreme cases up to 1.5 metres (4 ft 11 in).

N. exaltata thrives in moist, shady locations and is found frequently in swamps and floodplains.

Two subspecies are accepted:[2] Nephrolepis exaltata is a very popular house plant, often grown in hanging baskets or similar conditions.

In general, the Boston fern thrives in damp, but not soggy, soil that is rich in nutrients.

[7] The plant is usually propagated by division of the rooted runners, as named cultivars will not produce true spores.

[8][9] A number of cultivars exist:[10] The following are recipients of the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit: A related species, Nephrolepis cordifolia (Tuberous sword fern), is frequently confused with this sword fern, and is a serious exotic invasive plant, forming dense monocultures.

In others, a permit is required to import, possess, grow, breed, move, sell, buy or accept one as a gift.