Neuweiler is physically located upon the plateaus and in the valleys of the Enz and Nagold in the Black Forest, though portions of its municipal area fall into the Grinde.

Neuweiler is a member of the Teinachtal Municipal Association with the cities of Bad Teinach-Zavelstein and Neubulach.

[3] Neuweiler's municipal coat of arms shows a bugle, in black, with silver fittings and a red carry strap upon a field of yellow.

The bugle is taken from the arms of the House of Hornberg [de], the oldest local noble family, and also references the hunting lodge maintained in Neuweiler by the Dukes of Württemberg.

This coat of arms was created in 1935 on the suggestion of the Central State Archive Stuttgart [de] and was approved for use by the Federal Ministry of the Interior on 4 July 1967.