New Soviet man

Will the elements of freedom incorporated into the structure of the personality make any authoritarian forms of government unnecessary?

Adherence to Bolshevism, and later Marxism–Leninism, and individual behavior consistent with those philosophies' prescriptions, were among the crucial traits expected of the New Soviet man, which required intellectualism and hard discipline.

"[15] For the Paris World Fair, Vera Mukhina depicted a momentual sculpture, Worker and Kolkhoz Woman, dressed in work clothing, pressing forward with his hammer and her sickle crossed.

Pronatalist policies encouraging women to have many children were justified by the selfishness inherent in limiting the next generation of "new men.

The New Soviet Woman was a Superwoman who balanced competing responsibilities and took on the burden of multiple roles: Communist citizen, full-time worker, wife and mother.

Although the party leadership claimed the sexes enjoyed equal status under the law, a significant accomplishment in itself, men remained the measure of worth.

Soviet policy encouraged working-class women to attend school and develop vocational skills.

There existed opportunities for women to participate in politics, become party members and vie for elected and administrative positions.

[22] In the long term, Soviet thought said that the organization of house communes, communal kitchens, nurseries, kindergartens etc.

In keeping with the party line, Stalin reasserted the importance of women in the workforce and female education, primarily literacy, although he began to emphasize the role of mother in a way that differed from more radical notions of the early 1920s.

Legislation legalizing abortions and the increasing use of contraception—though still not that widespread—in the 1920s also contributed to the lower population numbers as women began to work more and give birth less.

[25] As a means to combat that trend, propaganda placed a new emphasis on the female's role as the perpetuator of the Communist regime in their ability to produce the next class of healthy workers, a policy called pronatalism.

[25] During the 1920s and into the Stalinist era, Soviet policy forced women to curtail their professional aspirations in order to fulfill their dual role as worker and housewife.

Women managed the role strain experienced during the Stalinist era by either a restriction of professional aspirations or by limiting family size.