The district includes several racially and ethnically diverse Queens neighborhoods, including Auburndale, Bayside, East Elmhurst, Elmhurst, Flushing, Forest Hills, Glendale, Kew Gardens, Maspeth, Middle Village, Murray Hill, and Rego Park.

Prior to the 2022 election, the district was redrawn to include sections of Jackson Heights and Astoria which were previously part of NY-14.

The 6th district takes in the original Queens Chinatown in Flushing, the neighborhood with the highest concentration of Chinese people in New York, as well as the surrounding neighborhoods of Auburndale and Murray Hill, home to a large Chinese population.

From 2003–2013, the district included most of Southeastern Queens including the neighborhoods of Cambria Heights, Edgemere, Far Rockaway, Hollis, Jamaica, Laurelton, Queens Village, Rosedale, Saint Albans, Springfield Gardens, and South Ozone Park, as well as John F. Kennedy International Airport.

Certain parties will invariably endorse either the Republican or Democratic candidate for every office, hence the state electoral results contain both the party votes, and the final candidate votes (Listed as "Recap").