It became an active organization, holding regular weekly meetings, and producing literature which was spread as far as Gibraltar and Malta, describing the horrors of war and advocating pacificism on Christian grounds.
The society was founded anew for the final time in 1906, in the context of the Philippine–American War, the rapid expansion of American influence and military usage abroad and the rise of the Anti-Imperialist League.
It was organized by Oscar Straus and Charles Levermore with the support of steel magnate Andrew Carnegie.
During the First World War, the society helped to organize the League to Enforce Peace in opposition to American involvement.
In 1940, the society merged into the Quaker World Alliance for International Friendship through Religion.