Nichola Jayne Raihani is a British psychologist who is a Professor of Evolution and Behaviour at University College London.

Together they identified that people are generally motivated to punish cheaters due to a sense of injustice, not because they are seeking equivalent retaliation.

[3] She has collaborated with Redouan Bshary at Lizard Island Research Station to understand the mechanisms supporting cooperation between cleaner fish (Labroides dimidiatus) and their reef-fish clients.

[13] In another study, Raihani demonstrated that people's willingness to help strangers was related to socioeconomic status, and not urbancity or population density as previously thought.

[18] She was awarded the Voltaire Lecture medal in 2021,[19] and appointed a patron of Humanists UK, recognising her "contribution to the better understanding of the human condition.