Nicolas-Jean Rouppe (French pronunciation: [nikɔla ʒɑ̃ ʁup]; Dutch: Nikolaus Joannes Rouppe; baptised 17 April 1768 – 3 August 1838) was a Belgian liberal politician.

Nicolas-Jean Rouppe was born in Rotterdam, and became a sub-deacon of the order of the Carmelites, but he broke radically with his faith in 1792, the day after Battle of Jemappes between the French Revolutionary and Austrian armies on 6 November 1792.

That year, he also provoked a riot by destroying the cross in Leuven's Town Hall.

Together with Pierre-Théodore Verhaegen, Nicolas-Jean Rouppe is also one of the initiators of the Free University of Brussels.

Rouppe died in Brussels, and is buried in Laeken Cemetery.