[2] They are part of a new wave of Nigerian emigrants going to non-traditional migration destinations such as Ethiopia, Ghana, and Mozambique rather than traditional favorites like Libya, the United Kingdom, or the United States.

They refer to poor economic conditions in their homeland, including lack of electricity and public safety, as their primary motivations for emigration.

[3] Many Africans, including Nigerians, run fashion shops in Tan Phu district, Ho Chi Minh City.

[4] Others are believed to have been attracted to the country by offers of contracts with Vietnamese football teams around 2006 and 2007, but were later replaced by Brazilian players and had their contracts terminated.

[5] Wages in the country are low, equivalent to just US$200/month even for a college graduate, meaning many of the migrants find it difficult to make a living.