The work depicts a cavalry horse owned by the Emperor Xuanzong (reign 712–56) of the Tang dynasty, tethered to a post.

The composition is based on earlier works of Chinese art, but despite its limited materials, "Night-Shining White" does not lose its spirituality and restless energy.

Han Gan gave the horse some human features, with eyes are turned to the viewer that seem to appeal to compassion and help.

[3][4] The work was later interpreted as an emblem of Chinese military strength and imperial power, but with undertones of peril: Emperor Xuanzong was distracted by his infatuation with a concubine, neglected his duties, and was deposed.

[5][2] The original drawing some 12 inches (30 cm) square was later mounted on a 20 feet (6.1 m) long handscroll to provide sufficient space for the seals and inscriptions.