Nikolai Khitrovo (1779–1826) was a Russian diplomat and orientalist known for his contributions to Russo-Persian relations in the 19th century.
He was the second son of Zakhar Alexeïevitch Khitrovo (1734–1798) and his wife Alexandra Nikolaïevna Maslova (1754–1829).
He, therefore, spent a year in Viatka before retiring to his lands in Kalouga district under police surveillance.
He was only freed from there thanks to the intervention of his father-in-law Mikhail Kutuzov - Khitrovo's wife was Anna Mikhaïlovna, a friend of Pushkin.
The Khitrovka quarter is named after him in memory of a market he had established there near his townhouse.