Nikolai Melnitsky (Russian: Николай Мельницкий, 26 April 1887 (OS)/9 May 1887(NS), Kyiv, Russian Empire – 7 November 1965) was a sport shooter who competed for the Russian Empire in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

He was part of the Russian 30 metre military pistol team, which won the silver medal.

He finished fourth as part of the 50 metre military pistol team.

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