He began his route towards major sporting success in 1933, under the leadership of Ivan Stepanovich Bogayev - one of the pioneers of Soviet boxing.
However, because of a plane accident in which he received heavy injuries, Korolyov was forced to leave military service.
During World War II Korolyov served in the detachment of Hero of the Soviet Union Colonel Dmitry Medvedev.
In a difficult bout with Yevgeny Ogurenkov he regained the title of Absolute Champion of the Soviet Union, and in 1945 repeated this achievement.
Korolyov died on 12 March 1974, two days shy of his 57th birthday, and was buried in the Vvedenskoye Cemetery in Moscow.