Nikolay Valerianovich Muraviev or Muravyov (Russian: Никола́й Валериа́нович Муравьёв) (1850–1908) (anglicized Nicholas V. Muravev) was a Russian politician, nephew of the famed Count Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky, explorer and Governor General of the Russian Far East.

Early in his career he was a noted lecturer on criminal law at the University of Moscow and served in various positions within the judiciary.

He came to prominence after successfully prosecuting the assassins of Emperor Alexander II.

He was appointed Ambassador to Italy in 1905 and served until his death in 1908.

(Source: Materialy dlya Istorii Dvoryanskikh Rodov Martynovykh i Sleptsovykh, by A. N. Nartsov.