Nikolay Mikhailovich Rychkov (2 December 1897 – 28 March 1959) was a Soviet statesman and lawyer.

The Commission for Acceptance and Delivery of Cases of the Ministry of Justice of the Soviet Union recognized Rychkov's work as unsatisfactory.

He took an active part in mass repressions as a member of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the Soviet Union.

At the same time, being guided by legal formalism and "insuring himself" against possible accusations, he ordered the courts to strictly observe procedural norms when considering any cases.

In 1947–1948, he headed the Permanent Commission for Open Trials on the Most Important Cases of former servicemen of the German army and German punitive bodies, exposed of atrocities against Soviet citizens in the temporarily occupied territory of the Soviet Union.