[2] Per Japanese census data,[3] the population of Nogi has recently plateaued after a long period of growth.

Nogi village were created within Shimotsuga District on April 1, 1889 with the creation of the modern municipalities system.

Nasu has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral town council of 14 members.

Nogi, together with the city of Oyama collectively contributes five members to the Tochigi Prefectural Assembly.

In terms of national politics, the town is part of Tochigi 4th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.