From 1962 to 1965 Miller was Höllerer's assistant at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main.
From 1973 Miller held a full professorship for Comparative Literature Studies at the TU Berlin.
Miller's research focuses on European literature, art and music of the 18th to 20th centuries.
In particular, he has repeatedly researched the debates of European classicism between Winckelmann and Byron in numerous essays and books, whereby the aesthetics transfer processes between the arts are the focus of his representations.
He is editor of the works of Goethe (Munich Edition), Jean Paul, Gérard de Nerval and Marie Luise Kaschnitz.