[22] Hardyston was serviced first by the New Jersey Midland Railway, which built the station in Stockholm.

However, there was a dispute over the name as that area was known as Snufftown because of the snuff factory along the Pequannock River, which provide the water power.

Later, it was the New York, Susquehanna and Western Railway, who provided service into the early 1960s when a mud slide removed a large section of trackage in West Milford Township and coupled with low productivity, the line was not repaired and service was disconnected.

Today, the New York Susquehanna and Western Railway runs freight through Hardyston.

[34][35] In terms of physical geography, nearly all of Hardyston (excluding the portion of the township west of Hamburg along Route 94) lies within the New York – New Jersey Highlands, part of the greater Crystalline Appalachians that extend as far south as the Blue Ridge Mountains.

The remaining northwestern portion of the township lies within the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians.

The 2010 United States census counted 8,213 people, 3,255 households, and 2,376 families in the township.

Of all households, 22.1% were made up of individuals and 7.4% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

[47] As of the 2000 United States census[16] there were 6,171 people, 2,319 households, and 1,716 families residing in the township.

21.6% of all households were made up of individuals, and 6.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.

[45][46] Hardyston Township operates under a special charter granted by the New Jersey Legislature.

[56][57][58] For the 119th United States Congress, New Jersey's 5th congressional district is represented by Josh Gottheimer (D, Wyckoff).

[61] For the 2024-2025 session, the 24th legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Parker Space (R, Wantage Township) and in the General Assembly by Dawn Fantasia (R, Franklin) and Mike Inganamort (R, Chester Township).

At an annual reorganization meeting held in the beginning of January, the board selects a Commissioner Director and Deputy Director from among its members, with day-to-day supervision of the operation of the county delegated to a County Administrator.

[73] Among the township's 2010 Census population, 66.8% (vs. 65.8% in Sussex County) were registered to vote, including 84.9% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 86.5% countywide).

[92][93] For ninth through twelfth grades, public school students attend Wallkill Valley Regional High School which also serves students from Franklin Borough, Hamburg Borough and Ogdensburg Borough, and is part of the Wallkill Valley Regional High School District.

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Hardyston Township include: