[1] In the event of a vacancy that occurs less than two years before the end of the Senator's term, the Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands appoints the runner-up of the most recent election.

Should that individual decline, the next highest vote getting, unsuccessful candidate become the prospective appointee.

Should all the previous candidate's decline, the Governor would then choose an eligible citizen for consideration.

[3] In the 2022 general election, a coalition of Democrats and Independents won a majority of seats in the Northern Mariana Islands Senate.

The Covenant Party, which lost control of the House, entered into coalition with the Democrats and a lone Independent over the Senate's leadership and voting agenda.