Northern Vietnam

Northern Vietnam or Tonkin (Vietnamese: Bắc Bộ) is one of three geographical regions in Vietnam.

It consists of three geographic sub-regions: the Northwest (Vùng Tây Bắc), the Northeast (Vùng Đông Bắc), and the Red River Delta (Đồng Bằng Sông Hồng).

Among the three geographical regions, the oldest is Northern Vietnam, where the Vietnamese culture originated in the Red River Delta, though Kinh Vietnamese eventually spread south into the Mekong Delta.

[2] Northern Vietnam includes three administrative regions, which in turn comprises 25 First Tier units.

Bắc Giang Bắc Kạn Cao Bằng Hà Giang Lạng Sơn Phú Thọ Quảng Ninh Thái Nguyên Tuyên Quang Điện Biên Hòa Bình Lai Châu Lào Cai Sơn La Yên Bái Bắc Ninh Hà Nam Hà Nội † Hải Dương Hải Phòng † Hưng Yên Nam Định Ninh Bình Thái Bình Vĩnh Phúc ^† Municipality (thành phố trực thuộc trung ương) Of all 25 First Tier units, two are municipalities and 23 are provinces.