It is a terminus for the Aksay — Shakhty railway and other lines running from Central and South Russia and Eastern Ukraine.

The idea of building the railway from Aksay to Alexandro-Grushevskaya (Shakhty) via Novocherkassk was proposed by appointed ataman Mikheil Homutov.

The construction and operation of the Grushevsko-Don Railways was managed by a special committee headed by Count Valerian Panaev (engineer).

Locals feared that the railway would prevent stripping of cattle, deprive tillage of water and inhibit urban development of Novocherkassk.

From Novocherkassk train services depart to major Russian cities such as: Moscow, Saint-Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Omsk, Nizhny Novgorod, Samara, Kazan, Rostov-on-Don, Voronezh, Sochi, Novorossiysk, Anapa, Vladikavkaz, Barnaul, Krasnoyarsk, Irkutsk.