[3][4][5][6] As an example in physics, the results of the Michelson–Morley experiment were of this type, as it did not detect the expected velocity relative to the postulated luminiferous aether.
This experiment's famous failed detection, commonly referred to as the null result, contributed to the development of special relativity.
[9] This unduly motivates researchers to manipulate their practices to ensure statistically significant results, such as by data dredging.
[11][12] For instance, once a scientific finding is well established, it may become newsworthy to publish reliable papers that fail to reject the null hypothesis.
[13] Most commonly, investigators simply decline to submit results, leading to non-response bias.