The 2010 O'Byrne Cup was a Gaelic football competition played by the teams of Leinster GAA.
The competition differs from the Leinster Senior Football Championship as it also features further education colleges and the winning team does not progress to another tournament at All-Ireland level.
An experimental 'mark' rule was also introduced, where a played catching a kick-out from the goalkeeper between the 45-metre lines was awarded a free kick.
The eight winning teams from the first round of the O'Byrne Cup went on to qualify for the quarter-finals of the tournament.
One match (Dublin vs Meath) ended in a draw, and a replay was held on 27 January.