Oberburg is a municipality in the administrative district of Emmental in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

[3] The oldest evidence of a settlement in the area are some Roman era coins which were found at Pfaugarten.

During the Burgdorf war of 1383–84, Bern captured the village from the Kyburgs and in 1408 integrated it into the Bernese district court of Ranflüh.

During the Middle Ages, the hamlet of Tschamerii had the Chapel of St. Mary, but the building was later demolished and no trace remains.

The village had common land along the Emme river which was shared with Burgdorf and Hasle.

Beginning in the 16th century, this shared common land became a constant source of conflict.

The three communities continued to quarrel until 1700-04 when all three finally agreed on a scheme to divide the land between them.

[3] The main road through the Emmental passed through Oberburg and brought businesses and industry to the village.

In response, Burgdorf attempted to suppress businesses and industry in Oberburg.

In 1698 they tried to close the hammer mill and in 1736 and 1752 they prohibited a butcher's shop and a general store, respectively, from opening.

In 1881, the Emmental Railway opened a station between Oberburg and Burgdorf which further encouraged development.

By the 21st century it was a mostly commercial and industrial village surrounded by small hamlets and individual farms which remained primarily agricultural.

[5] The village stretches along the left bank of the Emme River (except for Schachen- and Uferanteil) in the Luterbachgraben (Luter creek valley) in includes the villages of Oberburg, Weiler, several individual farms and the exclaves of Rohrmoos and Tannen.

[6] The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Sable a Castle Argent with a tower embattled, a tower roofed Gules and two Houses roofed Gules on a Mount of 3 Coupeaux vert.

[10] Most of the population (as of 2000[update]) speaks German (2,459 or 89.7%) as their first language, Serbo-Croatian is the second most common (82 or 3.0%) and Italian is the third (57 or 2.1%).

The historical population is given in the following chart:[3][13] The Staldenhof house at Untere Oschwandstrasse 38 is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significance.

The hamlets of Brittenwald and Rohrmoos are part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.

In the tertiary sector; 103 or 22.8% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 38 or 8.4% were in the movement and storage of goods, 25 or 5.5% were in a hotel or restaurant, 13 or 2.9% were technical professionals or scientists, 35 or 7.7% were in education and 176 or 38.9% were in health care.

[10] From the 2000 census[update], 219 or 8.0% were Roman Catholic, while 1,915 or 69.9% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church.

This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude.

Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.