The Upper Palatinate (/pəˈlætɪnɪt/; German: Oberpfalz, pronounced [ˈoːbɐˌpfalts] ⓘ, Bavarian: Obapfoiz, Owerpfolz) is an administrative district in the east of Bavaria, Germany.

The Upper Palatinate is a landscape with low mountains and numerous ponds and lakes in its lowland regions.

Cadet branches of the Wittelsbach dynasty also ruled over smaller territories in Neuburg and Sulzbach.

In the following years, due to territorial changes (e.g. the loss of Tyrol, the addition of the Palatinate), the number of Kreise in the kingdom was reduced to 8.

In 1837, king Ludwig I of Bavaria renamed the Kreise after historical territorial names and tribes of the area.

Historical Population of Upper Palatinate: The gross domestic product (GDP) of the region was €47.3 billion in 2018, accounting for 1.4% of German economic output.