It would then be incumbent upon the specialists to identify and correct the specific job conditions (e.g., work overload, bullying) that give rise to elevations in depressive symptoms.
[3] Epidemologists can take advantage of an algorithm[1] that comes with the instrument to ascertain the frequency of provisional cases of work-related depressive disorder.
[1][2] Since its inception, psychometrically valid versions of the instrument have become available in other languages, including Spanish,[4] Italian,[5] Brazilian Portuguese,[6] and Swedish.
[7] Validity research on the ODI has been conducted in several countries.
These countries include the United States,[1][2] France,[1][2] Brazil,[6] Spain,[4] Italy,[5] Switzerland,[8] New Zealand,[1][2] South Africa,[9] Australia,[10] and Sweden[7]