It is located in former Mino Province in what is now part of the city of Nakatsugawa, Gifu Prefecture, Japan.

[1] Ochiai-juku is separated from Magome-juku to the east by the Jikkoku Pass, which marked the informal border of the "Kiso Kaido" portion of the Nakasendō highway[2] In the early Edo period, the system of post stations on the Nakasendō was formalized by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1602, and it became a stopping place for traveling merchants (Ōmi shōnin (近江商人)) and it was also on the sankin-kōtai route used by various western daimyō to-and-from the Shogun's court in Edo.

Per the 1843 "中山道宿村大概帳" (Nakasendō Shukuson Taigaichō) guidebook issued by the Inspector of Highways (道中奉行, Dōchu-būgyō), the town had a population of 370 people in 75 houses, including one honjin, one waki-honjin, and 14 hatago.

The daimyō is riding in a closed kago (palanquin), with a long straggling line of retainers in front and in back, some of whom are carrying his luggage.

In the background is the post station, behind which are the high peaks of the Ena Mountains, indicating that the procession is heading towards home in the west.