Oilcloth

[1][2] Oilcloth used for weatherproofing may have used a mixture of lead and manganese salts, the sienna and umber pigments, to give a more humidity-resistant cure.

This was generally unsatisfactory for clothing though and so overcoats of this era would incorporate one or more short capes over the shoulders.

In the 19th century, waxed cotton and Mackintosh developed and began to gradually replace oilcloth, especially for clothing.

[citation needed] Historically, pre-19th century, oilcloth was one of very few flexible, waterproof materials that were widely available.

Oilcloth was used as an outer waterproof layer for luggage, whether wooden trunks[3] or flexible satchels, and for carriages and weatherproof clothing.