Olimpia Ludovisi (1656 – 27 November 1700) was the ruling Princess of Piombino, Marchioness of Populonia, Princess of Venosa and Countess of Conza, Lady di Scarlino, Populonia, Vignale, Abbadia del Fango, Suvereto, Buriano, Cerboli e Palmaiolan, and Lady princess of the Tuscan Archipelago including the islands of Elba, Montecristo, Pianosa, Gorgona, Capraia, and Isola del Giglio in 1700.
Unlike her two sisters Lavinia and Ippolita, Olimpia did not marry, instead, she dedicated her life to the church as a nun.
In 1699, Olimpia's older brother Giovan Battista Ludovisi died and left his estate to his newborn son Niccolo under the regency of his widow Anna Maria Arduino.
However, the young child died in 1700 and Olimpia succeeded in being the closest surviving paternal relative.
Since she left no issues or children, the succession passed to her only surviving sibling Ippolita.