Oliver Bascom (June 13, 1815 – November 7, 1869) was an American businessman and politician from New York.
He entered the transportation and forwarding business as a clerk, and in 1841 opened his own company.
In 1851, he formed a partnership, Bascom, Vaughan & Co., which later became the Northern Transportation Line.
Upon his return a short time later, he engaged in farming and the lumber business.
In November 1868, he was elected on the Democratic ticket as a Canal Commissioner, and took office on January 1, 1869.