Oliver James Hart (July 18, 1892 - May 4, 1978) was a priest who was elected as coadjutor bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania, serving as diocesan from 1943 to 1963.

Oliver James Hart was born on July 18, 1892, in York, South Carolina.

In February 1942 he asked for, and was granted, a leave to serve again as a chaplain in the United States Army.

He served as a captain in the Army Chaplains Corps, and was stationed at Fort Dix, New Jersey.

He was released from his chaplaincy in October when he was consecrated as the Bishop Coadjutor of the Diocese of Pennsylvania.