[5][6] Faure then served as an advisor to Martine Aubry in the Ministry of Labour, Employment and Vocational Training from 1997 to 2000 and assistant cabinet director to Socialist First Secretary François Hollande from 2000 to 2007.

At the beginning of 2007, he published a comic book titled Ségo, François, papa et moi about the inner workings of Ségolène Royal's campaign to become the PS candidate in the 2007 French presidential election.

[7] Faure ran to represent Seine-et-Marne's 8th constituency in the National Assembly in the 2007 French legislative elections but lost to Chantal Brunel of the Union for a Popular Movement (UMP).

[9] The Socialist candidate went on to win the general election, and Faure was appointed special adviser to Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault, from which position he resigned soon after.

The party was well-positioned to win the constituency due to an electoral pact with Europe Ecology – The Greens (EELV), who withdrew their candidate, Jean-Marc Brûlé, from the race.

[13] In June 2014, Faure introduced an amendment adding a tax of two euros per person per night stayed in the Île-de-France "for financing francilien public transit.

[16] As president of the SRC group, Faure attempted to find new compromises on the El Khomri law and legislation concerning the revocation of French citizenship.

[17] Faure was re-elected to the National Assembly in the 2017 French legislative elections with EELV's Paulin Roy as his designated substitute, receiving 61.1% of the vote against La République En Marche's (LREM) Amandine Rubinelli.

[20] In April 2018, Les Jours wrote that "with 27.2% of his votes in line with En Marche, Olivier Faure is not part of the deputies most hostile to the parliamentary majority's policies.

He was the first signatory of the motion "Socialists, the path of the renaissance" and was notably supported by Martine Aubry, the mayor of Lille, and Carole Delga, the president of the region of Occitania.

Faure supported unions of the left and environmentalists, a strategy that was considered effective after the PS gained control of several large cities in the 2020 French municipal elections by joining alliances in the first and second rounds.

They denounced the proposal as a "surrender", citing disagreements with the LFI's plans to "disobey certain European rules", leave NATO, abandon nuclear energy, and dismantle EPRs.

[35] Faure is married to Soria Blatmann, who was as a member of the presidential cabinet of Emmanuel Macron in the field of human rights until February 2018, when she went to work with the new director-general of UNESCO, Audrey Azoulay.