Omsk Governorate (Russian: Омская губерния) is an administrative-territorial unit of the RSFSR, which existed in 1920–1925.
During this period, there were two names at the same time (the situation changed only in early 1920, when Soviet power was finally established in the region).
As a punishment for the Russian people, who rose up in Southern Siberia against the communist dictatorship, in 1921 four counties with indigenous Russian populations were torn away from the Omsk province and included in the Autonomous Kirghiz SSR, created by decree of V. I. Lenin on August 26, 1920.
On January 17, 1921, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of the RSFSR adopted a resolution on the division of the Russian Omsk Governorate and the transfer of four Russian-populated districts to the Autonomous Kirghiz SSR: Akmola, Atbasar, Kokchetav, and Petropavlovsk.
[2] On April 26, 1921, a resolution of the Extraordinary Plenipotentiary Commission of the Central Executive Committee of the Autonomous Kirghiz SSR was issued on the admission of the new Akmola province with Petropavlovsk and Kokchetav to the AKSSR.
The border line passed east of the Isil-Kul station along the border with the Petropavlovsk district, then north of the Kichi-Karoy and Ulkun-Karoy lakes, the Kara-Terek tract, adhering to the southern borders of the Russian volosts and reaching the Cherlakovskaya village on the Irtysh (which was left in the Kirghiz ASSR), with the Russian volosts — Orekhovskaya, Dobrovolskaya, Moiseyevskaya, Russko-Polyanskaya, Novo-Sanzharovskaya, Chernousovskaya, Stepanovskaya, Kotelnikovskaya — being added to the territory of the Kirghiz ASSR.
By the decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of June 13, 1921, the Baklushevskaya, Volchanskaya, and Lyalikskaya volosts were transferred to the Kargatsky Uyezd of the Novo-Nikolaevskaya Governorate.
By the Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 15, 1922, the Cherlak and Basstandyk-Tuus volosts were transferred to the Kirghiz ASSR.
By the Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 28, 1922, the Isil-Kul and Gorodishchenskaya volosts were returned from the Petropavlovsk district of the Akmola province.
The following Kirghiz volosts were formed in the Omsky district: In November 1922, the Omsk provincial executive committee transformed the Isil-Kul station into a village.
Considering the readiness of the majority of Siberian provinces to switch to a system of consolidated volosts and the need for the fastest possible implementation of this measure, the Siberian Revolutionary Committee filed a petition with the All-Russian Central Executive Committee to grant Siberian provinces the right to introduce a new volost division, with the approval of the Siberian Revolutionary Committee and the subsequent submission of projects to the administrative commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee.By the resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 31, 1924, the center of the Omsk district was moved from the city of Omsk to the city of Novo-Omsk.
The new tasks were beyond the old volost, it was weak, insufficiently organized, and had few people capable of carrying out Soviet construction in the village.
On May 21, 1925, the administrative commission under the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee approved the following cities in the province: Omsk, Novo-Omsk, Leninsk-Omsky, Tara, Tyukalinsk, Slavgorod, Tatarsk.
The Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee of May 25, 1925 approved the formation of the Siberian Territory with its division into districts and regions.
By 1923, the population in the 3 largest cities of the governorate was distributed as follows: According to the Omsk Provincial Registry Office, the birth rate, death rate, marriages and divorces in the city of Omsk and its suburbs Leninsky and Novo-Omsky were expressed in the following figures for the three years 1922-1924: As of January 1, 1924, the population of the province was 1,608,559 people (1,413,100 rural, 195,458 urban).