Oncomelania is a genus of very small tropical freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the family Pomatiopsidae.

[8] Data by Zhao et al. (2010)[8] suggested that the two subspecies of Oncomelania hupensis began to diverse as early about 2–6 Ma based on the invertebrate ITS substitution rate range.

It provides a new insight into the Oncomelania evolution history although the substitution rate needs to be verified with new fossil and molecular data in future study.

[9] Research conducted in the 1950s by Chinese parasitologist and Harvard graduate Chen Xintao from revealed infection rates as high as 31.1% in Guangdong Province, China.

In response, a government initiative focused on filling ditches and eliminating breeding grounds for Oncomelania snails led to significant improvements in controlling the schistosomiasis epidemic.