[1] Systems design is a process of defining and engineering the architecture, methods, and interfaces necessary to accomplish a goal or fulfill a set of requirements.
[2] For example, in information technology and telecommunication, such design principles lead to open systems.
In telecommunications, open systems architecture (OSA) is a standard that describes the layered hierarchical structure, configuration, or model of a communications or distributed data processing system.
It enables system description, design, development, installation, operation, improvement, and maintenance to be performed at the abstraction layers in the hierarchical structure.
[3] This article incorporates public domain material from Federal Standard 1037C.