Oranienbaum (German pronunciation: [oˈʁaːni̯ənˌbaʊ̯m] ⓘ) is a former town and a former municipality in the district of Wittenberg, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.

Since 1 January 2011, it is a District (German: Ortsteil) of the town of Oranienbaum-Wörlitz.

Wittenberg (district), Saxony-Anhalt,  Germany 1990–present The former settlement of Nischwitz was renamed in 1673 after Countess Henriette Catherine of Nassau, a scion of the House of Orange-Nassau (Dutch: Oranje-Nassau) and princess consort of the then ruling Prince John George II of Anhalt-Dessau.

From 1683 on, the Countess had the Oranienbaum Palace erected according to plans by the Dutch architect Cornelis Ryckwaert.

The parks are today included within the Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm, a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2000.