Established in 2009, the order was created after the original honours granted by East Timor.

It is of a more general and broader nature than the original orders related to East Timor's independence.

The Order of Timor-Leste is awarded to recognise and thank those individuals who have made a significant contribution for the benefit of East Timor, the Timorese, or Mankind.

The Minister of Defence and Security and the Chief of Staff of the Armed is consulted when the order is to be presented to East Timorese or foreign military personnel.

Upon the completion of their term of office those persons who have served as the President of the Republic are entitled to be awarded the Grand Collar of the Order of Timor-Leste.