The Fascist Civil and Military Order of the Roman Eagle founded in 1942 with civil and military divisions,[1] was abolished in Italy in 1944;[2] although it continued to be awarded by Benito Mussolini in the short-lived Italian Social Republic until 1945.

[3] A self-styled order of the same name was founded by Romano Mussolini, fourth and youngest son of Benito Mussolini, in 1997.

[4] The various degrees of the order, with corresponding ribbons, were as follows: The separate Order of the Patron Saints of Italy (Ordine dei Santi Patroni d'Italia), St. Francis of Assisi and St. Catherine of Siena, was also conferred by the so-called Republic of Salò between February and April 1945.

An organisation of this name was also founded by Romano Mussolini in 1997.