Orianna Moon Andrews (1834–1883) was an American physician who was one of the first women in America to hold a medical degree.

Born in 1834 in Albemarle County, Virginia, to a plantation-owning family, Orianna Andrews (nee Moon) decided to study medicine from an early age.

After earning her medical degree, Andrews spent two years traveling in the Middle East and Europe, before returning to North America in 1861 around the beginning of the American Civil War.

She wrote to the military commanders of Virginia, offering her skills to the war effort of the Confederate States of America.

[1] They moved to Tennessee after the war, but returned to Albemarle County following an altercation with the Ku Klux Klan.