The BSA first class rank requires that scouts complete a one-mile orienteering course by using a map and compass.
[1] The Scout must also measure the height of objects, such as trees, using simple trigonometry.
Although some troops tend to emphasize the use of compass bearings and pacing, orienteering actually involves a variety of skills, including map reading and route solving.
After developing the basic Scoutcraft skills of map and compass, Scouts are required to participate in several competitive style orienteering courses.
At one time, the merit badge was called "Pathfinding" and was required for Eagle.