OCP was formed in the beginning of the 1990s as a splinter group of Communist Party of India (Marxist).
[1] When the split occurred the dissidents tried to capture the trade union structure of CPI(M) in the mining areas in northern Odisha.
It has good relations with the Indian National Congress, who gave OCP an office in the state capital Bhubaneshwar.
Radhakanta Sethi, who was elected to the Odisha legislative assembly as a CPI(M)-candidate, joined OCP in 1992 after a period as an independent.
[2] OCP participates in the Confederation of Indian Communists and Democratic Socialists.