[1] After he finished his school education, he studied printing in Wiener Neustadt, while also trying to sign apprentices up to the Austrian social-democratic youth movement.

[1] His political activities put him in contact with the Social Democratic Party of Austria which he joined in 1903[2] and became the Wiener Neustadt constituency secretary.

[4] He became the youngest ever social-democrat politician to be elected to the Lower Austria state parliament on 15 May 1919.

[1] After Vienna separated from Lower Austria he worked as the head of the social-democratic provincial government constituencies and the parliamentary faction.

[4] In 1945, he became the Ministry of the Interior of Austria, he played a major role in the denazification process, including reforming the police force.