Oskar Pfister (23 February 1873 – 6 August 1956) was a Swiss Lutheran minister and lay psychoanalyst who was a native of Wiedikon.

He is remembered for his efforts involving the application of psychoanalysis to the science of education, as well as his belief system in a synthesis of psychology and theology.

Pfister was a pioneer of modern Swiss psychology, belonging to a psychoanalytical circle in Zurich that was centered on Eugen Bleuler and Carl Jung.

Pfister believed that theology and psychology were compatible disciplines and advocated the concept of a "Christian Eros".

From a religious standpoint, Pfister advocated a return to what he saw as the original fundamental teachings of Jesus Christ.