It is monotypic, being represented by the single species Itapotihyla langsdorffii, commonly known as the ocellated treefrog.

[4] In addition to vocalization, male–male interactions may involve grabbing and pushing[4] and even direct physical combat.

This kind of behaviour is more common in species where males are larger than females (see sexual selection in frogs).

[5] Its diet mainly consists of arthropods (in particular grasshoppers and crickets), but also vertebrate remains (other frogs including Physalaemus crombiei and Scinax argyreornatus as well as unidentified bird feathers) can be found in their stomach contents.

[6] Itapotihyla langsdorffii is an arboreal frog occurring on shrubs and trees inside rainforest.