[4] A range of bone-formation processes are associated with aging, degeneration, mechanical instability, and disease (such as diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis).

Often osteophytes form in osteoarthritic joints as a result of damage and wear from inflammation.

Calcification and new bone formation can also occur in response to mechanical damage in joints.

In this case, the osteophytes are commonly not the source of back pains, but instead are a sign of an underlying problem.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and surgery are two typical options for cases requiring treatment.